名词解释

1. terminology

【答案】Terminology consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.

【解析】术语指特定学科和学术领域所使用的专有名词。

2. compounds

【答案】Compounding, also called composition, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. Words formed in this way are called compounds.

【解析】复合法指由两个或更多的词干相结合而构成新词。以此种方式形成的词被称为复合词。

3. homonyms

【答案】Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling.

【解析】同形同音异义词指在读音和拼写上或者只是在读音或拼写上相同而词义不同的词。

4. phrasal verbs

【答案】Phrasal verbs are idioms which are composed of a verb plus a prep and/or a particle.

【解析】短语动词是由一个动词外加一个介词和/或小品词构成的习语。

5. context (in narrow sense)

【答案】In a narrow sense, it refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic context, which may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book.

【解析】狭义上讲，语境是指一个词所在的词群、从句和句群环境，这称为语言环境，可以包括一个段落，一个章节，甚至整个一本书。

四、简答题

1. What is free morpheme?

【答案】Morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are considered to be free.

These morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words, as each of them consists of a single free root, for example, man, earth, wind, car, anger.

【解析】彼此之间互相独立的词素叫自由词素。这些词素本身具有完整的意义，在句子中可以用作自由语法单位。自由词素与根词一致，因为根词就是由单个的自由词素构成的。

2. Combine the following affixes into a compound word:out break baby sit cry in sweet bitter

【答案】out break, bitter-sweet, crybaby, sit-in

【解析】out break(爆发), crybaby(爱哭的人), sit-in(抗议;罢工)都是名词复合词，bitter-sweet(苦乐参半的;又苦又甜的)是形容词复合词。